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Key To Steel Pdf Download: A Must-Have Resource for Mechanical Engineers and Designers



Up to 2011, OB only accepted the ST-4 Form (justification for the use of foreign steel) that the Department of General Services (DGS) had exclusively devised to address exceptions linked to the requirements of the SPPA, when it was necessary. Since 2011, OB has approved the acceptability of two more DGS ST Forms (ST-2, ST-3) with some caveats, providing that the forms are properly filled out. The ST-1 Form will not be accepted by OB. It is not necessary for the ST-2, ST-3, and ST-4 Forms to be notarized.




Key To Steel Pdf Download




Effective January 1, 2013, OB began utilizing the DGS Exempt Machinery and Equipment Steel Products listings (2022, 2021, 2020) as part of our steel policy. DGS published a Statement of Policy- Steel products procurement in the Pennsylvania Bulletin Volume 43, Number 6 dated February 9, 2013 (See PA Bulletin #43, pages 85-86) that discussed the exemption of certain steel products, based on their analysis of ST-4 forms submitted that list products not produced domestically in sufficient quantity. DGS publishes an updated "Exemption List" annually.


Please be aware that ST forms are acceptable only in cases where nonstructural steel needs to be addressed. The DGS ST forms do not replace the steel certification forms associated with structural steel. OB will continue to require the submission of steel mill certifications to demonstrate compliance with the steel requirements for structural steel.


We shall deem as ineligible all contracts that are unable to demonstrate compliance via the submission of steel certifications for Structural Steel and for Non-structural Steel the submission of steel certifications and/or ST forms and/or DGS Exempt Machinery and Equipment Steel Products List. Therefore, the value of construction contracts associated with non-compliant steel will be removed (both materials and labor costs) from the scope of the project, which may in turn affect the project's ability to leverage their full grant amount (project may not receive its full grant).


Recycled products, melted from previously used steel, are acceptable, providing that adequate documentation from the supplier has been furnished. The supplier shall certify that the recycled steel product was produced in the USA.


In accordance with the Trade Practices Act of July 23, 1968, P.L. 686 (71 P.S. 773.101 et seq.), the Grantee cannot and shall not use or permit to be used in the work any aluminum or steel products made in a foreign country which is listed below as a foreign country which discriminates against aluminum or steel products manufactured in Pennsylvania. The countries of Argentina, Brazil, South Korea, and Spain have been found to discriminate against certain products manufactured in Pennsylvania. Therefore, the purchase or use of those countries' products, as listed below, is not permitted:


Iron and steel production consumes enormous quantities of energy, especially in developing countries where outdated, inefficient technologies are still used to produce iron and steel. Carbon dioxide emissions from steel production, which range between 5 and 15 percent of total country emissions in key developing countries (Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and South Africa), will continue to grow as these countries develop and as demand for steel products such as materials, automobiles, and appliances increases. In this report, we describe the key steel processes, discuss typical energy-intensity values for these processes, review historical trends in iron and steel production by process in five key developing countries, describe the steel industry in each of the five key developing countries, present international comparisons of energy use and carbon dioxide emissions among these countries, and provide our assessment of the technical potential to reduce these emissions based on best-practice benchmarking. Using a best practice benchmark, we find that significant savings, in the range of 33 percent to 49 percent of total primary energy used to produce steel, are technically possible in these countries. Similarly, we find that the technical potential for reducing intensities of carbon dioxide emissions ranges between 26 percent and 49 percent of total carbon dioxide emissions from steel production in these countries.


* If you are having difficulty downloading Excel files, please try right-clicking while we address the problem. Please contact commodities@worldbank.org for information on earlier issues of the publication.


The publication provides a comprehensive overview of steel industry activities, stretching from crude steel production to apparent steel use, from indications of global steel trade flows to iron ore production and trade.


As key steel suppliers West Yorkshire Steel offer rectangular and square bar in 1 metre and 3 metre lengths. Key Steel is a bright drawn carbon steel available in standard metric and imperial sizes (listed at bottom of this page).


Key Steel is widely used for many general engineering applications. Typical key steel applications include taper, gibhead, plain and parallel keys.AnalysisCarbon0.35-0.45%Phosphorous0.06% maxManganese0.60-1.00%Sulphur0.06% maxSilicon0.05-0.35%Heat TreatmentAs a bright drawn steel bar it is uncommon to harden key steel. In its supply condition key steel has an approximate tensile strength of 500 to 700N/mm2.


French, German, Japanese and Spanish translations of the SASB Standards are available. To download translations of the Standards, please select your industry(ies) and fill out the form. 2ff7e9595c


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